It’s almost a year since I wrote about Annie Oakley, “the first American female superstar” and how she’s been portrayed in the media over the last 100 years.

The post remains the most popular on this blog with many people still interested in finding out just how one of the stars of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show looked all those years ago.

So with a bit of digging over at the Library of Congress archives, I’ve tracked down two new Annie Oakley pictures - the first was taken in 1899 by Richard K. Fox and is titled:

ANNIE OAKLEY - Famous Rifle Shot and Holder of the Police Gazette Championship Medal

Annie Oakley famous rifle shooter - Richard K Fox photographer (LC-USZ62-7873)

The black and white photo does bear some resemblance to the Wild West Show promotional poster. The hat, dress, stockings and footwear certainly match, as does the chest full of medals.

But I can’t help but think the artist who drew the poster used a little ‘Photoshop magic’ - normally associated with modern magazine cover celebrities - long before the age of computer trickery.

The face is a little thinner and the nose a little more prominent, perhaps suggesting feminine beauty was a key ingredient of circus show marketing even back in the 1890s.

It’s circus acts that also form the centrepiece of the next picture, an illustration created by artist Peter Newell in 1894 to illustrate a story published in the March 31st issue of Harper’s Weekly:

The amateur circus at Nutley

Annie Oakley - Nutley Circus horseback shooting (Copyright, 1894, by Harper & Brothers)

Newell’s drawing illustrates an article reporting on an amateur circus performed by the residents of Nutley, New Jersey to raise funds for the establishment of a branch of the Red Cross Association. Their star performer was Nutley’s celebrated resident, Annie Oakley.

A gentleman wearing a hat and spectacles stands before a hoop held by two clowns. The scene depicted in the center of the hoop is of Annie Oakley, standing on horseback, giving a demonstration of her shooting ability. Outside the hoop are other scenes of circus acts such as acrobats, fencing, an animal on horseback, and a dancing bear.

Here’s a close-up view of the central part of the illustration showing Oakley shooting at an unseen target whilst standing on a moving horse.

Annie Oakley - close-up showing her shooting from horseback (Copyright, 1894, by Harper & Brothers)

It’s a truly impressive feat and one I can’t think would be allowed under modern entertainment laws given the potential risks to the audience and performer!


Wind power is causing a storm lately in many parts of the world, and not always for the right reasons. Whilst wildlife lovers ponder the perrilous nature of whirling blades for migrating birds, there are many greenies out there happy to put up with whomping turbines if it means less nuclear waste (that other clean energy).

Who would have thought then that 80 years after electricity reached rural America, the humble windmill would make a comeback, especially for farmers keen to power pumps in remote pastures.

The windmill after all won the West.

What’s that you say? The Windmil? Yes indeed, read Stuart Leuthner’s Fall 2003 piece on AmericanHeritage.com The Windmills That Won the West and you’ll discover that:

The windmill, even more than the railroad, was crucial to settling the West. Windmills permitted ranchers and farmers to live and work on land where there was no reliable natural water supply, which was most of the frontier. And when the tracks started to reach toward the Pacific, windmills supplied the water for the locomotives and those who served them.

Luethner goes on to describe how the infamous Sears, Roebuck catalogue “claimed to offer the most complete line of mills and showcased them in a 118-page supplement”. The company even offered instructions on choosing the best location for your mill.

It’s a great piece to educate yourself about an important part of western history and opened my eyes to a whole industry that sprang up in remote ranchlands - the cowboy engineer. I’m thinking of a whole army of gun toting Windy Millers who can build a fence, dig a well and fix a broken windmill:

Cowboys found they could increase their income by learning to dig wells and erect, maintain, and repair the windmills that pulled water out of them. They traveled across the Plains under the direction of “windmill bosses,” carrying their tools and food in covered wagons and sleeping under the stars. Owners of big ranches often employed crews of windmillers to make continuous rounds of their spreads.

In the 21st century, the best place to see these historic artifacts from the days of westward expansion is the American Wind Power Center, a dedicated windmill museum in Lubbock, Texas.

Texas is, of course, a state more often associated with drilling for oil but now has its own alternative energy training center in the shape of The WindSmith Academy which offers two day courses for people who want to learn the basic tenets of wind power generation.

If you can’t make it to Lubbock then how about picking up a copy of David Stoecklein’s new photography book, Windmills of the West: Rural America’s Most Important Invention. That should be a good taster of 19th century windpower engineering.


The tale of Commodore Perry Owens, Apache County (and later Navajo County) Sheriff, as told by the 50s era Collins Bumper Cowboy Book of Thrilling Western Stories. A more factual re-telling of the Blevins Gang incident will follow:

Commodore Perry Owens - Sixty seconds in Holbrook, Arizona (1)

In the long and honourable list of the law enforcement officers who helped to tame the old wild west, there are many names that are better known than that of Commodore Perry Owens, but it is doubtful if even such men as Wyatt Earp, Bat Masterton, or Wild Bill Hickock were braver men than the strangely named sheriff of Apache County, Arizona. It is also doubtful if any of the more celebrated sheriffs and marshals ever achieved anything like the single-handed exploit that Owens pulled off one September day in 1887.

Commodore Perry Owens - Commodore was his real name and not a title or nickname - had been a cowboy and an lndian Fighter and when, in 1887, the more sober citizens of North Arizona were searching around for someone to take on the formidable task of cleaning up that part of the state, they decided that Owens was the man for the job. At first sight, he hardly appeared a proper type for such a task. He had a smooth, handsome, boyish face with a fine, silky moustache. His voice was soft and his manner inoffensive. His long hair hung down almost to his waist. He was not particularly tall and he was slimly built. In appearance he was so far from the rootin’-tootin’ kind of officer that most people reckoned he could not be a good 1aw man at all. Then one morning on September 4th, 1887, Sheriff Owens rode into the tough town of Holbrook. Ironically enough, in view of what we to happen that afternoon, he we merely carrying out routine official duties connected with the summoning of jurymen.

Commodore Perry Owens - Sixty seconds in Holbrook, Arizona (3)

All thought of routine duties vanished, however, when Owens was informed that Andy Cooper had also ridden into town that morning. Cooper was a bad man of the worst type, brutal, boastful and fast with a gun. He had already several killings to his discredit, but what interested Owens more was the fact that a warrant had previously been issued for Cooper’s arrest on a rustling charge. So far, no one had been found who had enough courage to serve this warrant but Owens decided to change all that. He found out where Cooper was staying and set off, alone, to arrest him.

Now had Cooper been alone as well, the job would have been dangerous enough. But Cooper had company.  With him, in his mother’s house, were his half-brother, John Blevins, and Mose Roberts, both of whom were almost as bad as their leader.  In addition, there was another half-brother called Sam Houston Blevins who, although only sixteen, was already following in the crooked family footsteps. All of them were at home when Sheriff Owens walked up the path and knocked on the door. Andy Cooper opened the door with his left hand, his right being occupied with a six-shooter. At the same time, a door in the side of the house opened and John Blevins, also armed, with a gun in his hand, peered out. Owens was between two fires but he gave no sign of anxiety.

“Cooper,” he announced. “I want you.”

The rustler tried to stall but Owens was standing for no nonsense. Then finally the rustler went for his guns. Two shots rang out simultaneously. Cooper missed, but Owens, firing a Winchester from the hip, shot the rustler through the body. As Cooper staggered off, mortally wounded, Owens whirled round and shot John Blevins in the shoulder. He then backed away from the house and awaited further developments. He had not long to wait. Mose Roberts came leaping out of a window, gun in hand, ready to carry on the debate with hot lead. Owens moved slightly, taking advantage of the cover offered by a cart, then once again he cut loose with his deadly Winchester, the gun which, according to the Westerners, “fired all week, including Sundays without reloading.” Mose Roberts staggered, dropped his revolver, and went lurching away round behind the house.

Commodore Perry Owens - Sixty seconds in Holbrook, Arizona (2)

Meanwhile, inside the house, the sixteen-year-old Sam Houston Blevins had gone berserk. As Owens took toll of his friends, one after the other, the boy ran around pleading for someone to let him have a gun. The wounded John, realising no doubt that they were up against something special in Commodore Perry Owens, refused to let his brother have his gun. Cooper, who was dying, was less capable of refusing, so the young man seized Cooper’s gun and went rushing out to do battle. As he was in the act of firing it, another bullet from the lawman’s Winchester took him through the heart and sent him sprawling face down in the dirt. The battle was over. One man was killed outright, two were mortally wounded, and one, the lucky one, had a bullet in his shoulder. The time taken, from the first shot by Cooper until the final deadly shot by Commodore Perry Owens was about one minute.

Commodore Perry Owens died in 1919 at the age of 66. He had had a long life filled with violent action and adventure. When he looked back on it, it is possible that the time he recalled most clearly was not a day here or a week there but a certain period of sixty seconds, one September afternoon, in the cattle town of Holbrook, Arizona.

THE END

Do you think Sheriff Owens’ actions were justified? That’s a question to be discussed in the follow up post to come. Plus I have photos of the Blevins House as it looks today in modern day Holbrook and the county courthouse building which houses a great frontier history museum.


Two good wild west related stories on the Beeb site this week worth reporting. First off is the matter of the theft of Geronimo’s skull.

This is a case that at first glance would seem to be nothing more than a hoax but due to the involvement of a secret society, the story has grown wings over the last century.

There is some history of deception associated with the famed Indian chief, the most notable being the recovery by the FBI of the leader’s ceremonial headdress when the article decorated with eagle feathers was put up for sale.

Prospecting for brown gold

The second story is concerned with the race to develop alternative fuels, in this case turning manure into ethanol.

“Over the last 20, 30 years, there’ve been lots of people with new ideas - pie in the sky ideas - about how we were going to use manure but, at the end of the day, the best thing we use it for is fertiliser.”

Let’s hope Hereford - ‘Beef Capital of the World’ - does one day get to be the renewable energy capital of Texas.


My post from October last year comparing images of the real and the cartoon Annie Oakley has been most popular for quite some time now.

83 years after her death, could Margaret Johnson, “a gun-toting grandmother who shot a man she says tried to mug her in her wheelchair“, be a modern day rival to the iconic sharpshooter Oakley?

Let’s compare: Johnson has “at least a dozen shooting trophies in her flat and says that she once shot a hole in a coin from 30 feet away”.

A claim to fame for sure but Oakley is on record for her talents with a .22 caliber rifle and “reputedly could split a playing card edge-on and put five or six more holes in it before it touched the ground”. And that’s from 90 feet away.

I think Oakley takes the gold on this one but I wouldn’t want to be a mugger messing with the .357 Magnum-packing granny either!


After a 3 month hiatus here at Wild West Land it’s time to climb into the saddle again and start blogging about all things western.

Why the silence at the start of 2009? Well the truth is I’ve been busy. Not busy in the household chores sense of the word and not busy as in locked up in the stockade either. I’ve been busy moving to the other side of the world, New Zealand to be precise, the land of Big Ben.

Big Ben you ask? Who he? Do you mean that big clocktower in London that appears on the HP sauce bottle? Did the Kiwis build Big Ben?

The short answer is no - ‘Big Ben’ downunder is synonymous with pies. In fact, Big Ben as a brand is New Zealand’s most popular pie. And Kiwis love their pies…

Western-themed marketing for the humble pie company appears everywhere in New Zealand, even on the side of V8 Supercars. In fact the company’s advertising campaigns have pulled in some odd comments for the way they embrace the masculinity of the cowboy tradition.

Ben’s pies are “great value for money for students” and, for me, a reassuring sign that the cowboy is a global icon recognised wherever you are. It makes me believe that running the Cowboy Country store from the bottom of the world is going to be possible AND fun in the Auckland sun.

Now that the container has been unpacked I’ll be posting regular updates with new scans from some classic cowboy cartoons and annuals. Plus did I mention the 2 week road trip from Phoenix to LA?

Pictures and video to follow but for now help Big Ben put together a classic Kiwi pie.